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Lysosomes
What is the function of a Lysosome?
Lysosomes are organelles found inside eukaryotic cells like, animals, protists, but not in prokaryotic cells. They are important because lysosomes help break down old cell parts, digest materials in the cell, and objects that enter the cell.
Lysosomes have a single membrane and are filled with digestive enzymes. A lysosome is created at the Golgi apparatus.
The proteins of the lysosome are created at the rough ER and are packed in a vesicle that is transported to the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus uses these proteins to make digestive enzymes and creates a vesicle that pinches off. This vesicle is a lysosome
Lysosomes are found floating in the cytoplasm. When materials are brought into the cell, lysosomes can attach to these objects and begin to break them down. Since lysosomes are digestion machines, they go to work when the cell absorbs or eats some food. For example when an amoeba engulfs a paramecium.
Once the material is inside the cell, the lysosomes attach and release their enzymes. The enzymes break down complex molecules that can include complex sugars and proteins.
Lysosomes will also break down other organelles like mitochondria if the cell does not have any food or the mitochondria is working improperly. Lysosomes will even digest bacteria that enters the cell.
There is some debate about if lysosomes are found in plant cells. Most people feel the role of the lysosome is carried out by vacuoles in plants, some scientists feel that plants do have lysosomes.
Here is a short article that explains this briefly.
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