Summary
• Soil Composition: Soil consists of 45% minerals, 25% water, 25% air, and 5% organic matter (decaying plants and animals). This composition is crucial for plant growth and overall soil health.
• Soil Profile and Horizons: The soil profile is a vertical section showing distinct layers called horizons (O, A, E, B, C, R). Each horizon has unique physical properties and composition, reflecting different stages of soil formation and organic matter decomposition. • Horizon Characteristics: Key horizons include the O horizon (litter), A horizon (topsoil rich in organic matter), B horizon (subsoil accumulating clay), and C horizon (parent material). The R horizon represents bedrock, the original source material.
Soil Profile and Soil Horizon Worksheet
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