If you have two lines, how could you describe that one line is more steep than the other line?
You could use slope.
Slope is the measure of the steepness of a line. It is defined as the ratio of the vertical change (rise) to the horizontal change (run). The slope of a line can be positive, negative, or zero.
A positive slope indicates that the line is rising from left to right. A negative slope indicates that the line is falling from left to right. A zero slope indicates that the line is horizontal and a vertical line has an undefined slope.
The slope of a line can be calculated using the following formula:
Slope = rise / run
Where:
rise is the vertical change between two points on the line
run is the horizontal change between two points on the line
Let’s take a look at the slope of this line
Let’s first find the rise which is 1, 2 and the run is 1 2 3 4
So the slope is 2/4
m is used to represent slope.
As you move from left to right the line goes upward so the slope is positive.
How about this line.
Let's look at the rise -1,-2,-3, and then the run is 1 the slope is -3.
Notice that as you move from left to right the line slopes downward so the slope is negative Also notice the slope is greater than the first line and you can see line is more steep.
So in summary, slope is a measure of the steepness of a line.
The greater the slope the greater the steepness of the line and smaller the slope the smaller the slope.
Algebra is the study of variables and the rules for manipulating these variables in formulas. It has it's origins in Babylonian mathematics. This playlist includes the entire Algebra year in review. I start at the very basics and build from there.
You can use the playlist to either learn new material or use it as a refresher of material you have used before.
Here is a list of of the general topics covered in the Algebra playlist.
Exponents and Algebraic Expressions
Inequalities and Linear Equations
Graphing Inequalities
Statistics and Probability
Functions
Radicals
Quadratic Equations
Polynomials
Quadratic Functions
In all there will be over 40 videos in the playlist. Each video will work example problems and step by step directions. I hope you find it helpful.
A barrier island is a long, narrow island that runs parallel to the mainland coast. It is separated from the mainland by a body of water, such as a lagoon, or a sound which is a relatively narrow body of water between the mainland and an island. Barrier islands are formed by sediment that is transported by waves and currents from the mainland. They protect the mainland from erosion and storm surge.
Waves carry a variety of materials such as sand,rock, dead corals and shells. In addition, longshore currents transport and deposit this material. A longshore current is a result of how the waves strike the beach. Most waves approach the beach at a slight angle and retreat perpendicular. This action creates longshore currents that move in a direction parallel to the shore.
These longshore currents can transport and deposit materials offshore and may over a period of time create a landform offshore like a barrier island.The largest barrier island in the world is Padre Island of Texas, United States, at 113 miles (182 km) long
Steps for solving and setting up Proportion word problems.
1. Circle the two items you're comparing.
2. Set up and label the unit for your first ratio.
3. Set up the second ratio and include a variable for the unknown
value (the value you're trying to find).
4. Solve using a cross product.
5. Check cross products and make sure your answer is LOGICAL!
Let's look at a sample problem.
Taylor hikes 10 miles in 4 hours. How far can she hike in 18 hours.
1. Circle the two items you are comparing which would be miles and hours.
2. Set up the units you are comparing which would be miles/hour.
3. Set up the second ratio which includes the variable for the unknown.
4. Solve
5. Check your answer to see if it is logical and 45 miles is a logical answer.
A solution is a mixture of two or more substances.
Properties of a Solution
The particles in a solution cannot be seen.
Light is not visible when it passes through a solution.
A solution cannot be separated with a filter.
A solution is a homogenous mixture.
An example would be sugar and water. The sugar is the solute and the water is the solvent. The solute is the item being dissolved and the solvent is what the item is being dissolved into.
This may help you remember the difference between solute and solvent. Think of placing the loot into a vent to hide it. So the soLOOT goes into the solVENT.
A suspension is a mixture of a fluid with undissolved particles in it.
Properties of a Suspension
The solid particles may be visible and will settle over time.
The particles of a suspension can be filtered out.
Light is visible when it passes through a suspension.
A suspension is considered a heterogenous mixture.
The solid particles are called the internal phase and the fluid is called the external phase.
An example would be muddy water and sand in water. The sand does not dissolve into the water but is mixed into the water and will settle over time.
Light is visible when it passes through a colloid.
You cannot use a filter to filter out what is dispersed and the particles do not settle over time.
A colloid is a homogenous mixture.
Examples of a colloid include, glue, milk, and fog.
A colloid has a dispersed phase (the suspended particles) and a continuous phase (the medium of suspension).The continuous phase can be a solid,liquid,or a gas.
Erosion is a process where material from an object like a rock or soil is distributed to a new location.
Erosion involves transportation of material from one location to another.
The three main forces that cause erosion are water, wind, and ice.
Erosion by Water
Water is the main cause of erosion on Earth. water may not seem powerful at first, it is one of the most powerful forces on the planet. Here are some methods of water erosion.
Rainfall - Rainfall can cause erosion both when the rain hits the surface of the Earth, which is called splash erosion,and the rainfall can eventually flow like small streams.
Rivers - Rivers can create a significant amount of erosion over time. They break up particles along the river bottom and carry them downstream. The grand canyon and the colorado river is an example.
Ocean waves can cause the coastline to erode. The shear energy and force of the waves causes pieces of rock and coastline to break off and then transported to a new location.
Floods - Large floods can literally wash away whole towns very quickly.
Erosion by Wind
Wind is a major type of erosion. Wind erosion occurs by deflation and abrasion.
Deflation occurs when wind picks up and transports loose particles and abrasion occurs when these loose particles strike other surfaces.
Erosion by Glaciers
Glaciers are basically slow moving rivers of ice that carve out valleys and reshaping mountains.as they transport material to a new location.
I have taught Science in public schools for over 30 years. I have learned that the more you learn about our world and how it works the more interesting it becomes. For instance, there is a fungi that actually takes over the mind of an ant and causes the ant to leave it's colony and climb down the tree in order to find a leaf and then die.
I upload a new Science fact video often and organize them in the playlist above.
Science Facts
Stomach acid is as acidic as battery acid, but your stomach produces mucus to protect it from the harmful effects of the strong acid.
A spider will have 8 legs, 2 body segments, and no antennae, compared to an insect which will have 6 legs, 3 body segments, and 2 antennae.
If you are nearsighted, also called Myopia, you can see objects up close but objects at a distance are blurry. If you are farsighted, also called Hyperopia, you can see objects at a distance clearly, and objects up close are blurry.
El Niño is the warming of the Pacific ocean trade winds are weak and do not push warm surface waters as far west.La Niña is the cooling of the Pacific Ocean and occur when trade whens are strong and push warm surface water west.
An Astronomical Unit ( AU ) is roughly the distance from the Earth to the Sun. This distance is 150,000,000 km or 93,000,000 miles.
The human body has 206 bones. The are attached at joints with ligaments. The largest bone in your body is the femur and the stapes found in your ear is the smallest.
The major types of Amphibians are frogs,salamanders,Newts,Toads, and Caecilians.
It takes the Moon roughly 29.5 days go cycle through the Moon phases.
Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift which proposes that at one time the continents were one large land mass that broke apart and the continents drifted away from one another.
Arthropods make up approximately 80% of all animals on Earth.
Arthropds have an exoskeleton,a segmented body, and jointed appendages.
There are 6 simple machines. They include the lever, pully, wedge,wheel and axel, inclined plane, and a screw. Simple machines allow you to do more work with less effort.
Potential energy is stored energy.
An estuary is created from fresh water flows into the ocean. Estuaries have been called the " Nursery of the Sea."
pH is a measure of the amount of hydrogen ions found in a water soluble solution.
Invertebrates make up 97% of all animals on Earth. Common examples include, insects, cephalopods, worms, crustacians, and mullusks.
There are four main groups of reptiles that make up many of the common reptiles we see each day. These groups are, Testurdines which include turtles. Squamates which include lizards and snakes. Crocadilians which include alligators,crocodiles, and caimans, and Rhynchocephalions which include the Tuatara.
The Capybara is the world's largest rodent. It can weigh up to 115 pounds and stand 4 feet tall.
The soil found at the Tundra Biome is called permafrost. This is because it contains a thin soil layer, but remains frozen underneath for two or more years.
How do compare fractions when they do not have the same denominator?
Here are four easy methods for comparing fractions.
Method 1. Is the one method. If the difference between the numerator and the denominator is 1, then the fraction with the largest numerator is the largest fraction.
In this example, the difference between the top number and the bottom number is 1 and 5 is larger than 3 so 5/6 is the larger fraction. Method 2. You can cross multiple and the largest product is the largest fraction.
Method 3. You can divide the numerator ( top number) by the denominator (bottom number) in order to create a decimal and compare decimals.
Method 4. You can find a common denominator and divide the denominator into this number and then multiply the numerator by the product. This allows you to compare similar fractions.
You can choose which method works for you and then compare the fractions to see which is larger.
Global warming is a complex and much debated topic. Basically global warming is the warming of the Earth due to an increase in greenhouse gases.
What are these human generated gases that are causing the problem?
Let’s take a look at the 4 major greenhouse gases that are generated by humans. How much any one greenhouse gas influences global warming depends on three key factors.
This is referred to as its global warming potential, or GWP, and is a measure of the total energy that a gas absorbs over a given period of time compared to the emissions of 1 ton of carbon dioxide.
Carbon Dioxide
Once released into the atmosphere co2 will stay around from 100 to 1000 years. Carbon Dioxide is the most abundant human caused greenhouse gas and accounts for about 76%.of human generated greenhouse gases.
Methane
It stays around in the atmosphere for about a decade.Methane accounts for only about 16% of human generated greenhouse gases. However, it has a much greater global warming impact than carbon dioxide and a GWP score 25 times greater than carbon dioxide.
Nitrous Oxide
It accounts for only 6 percent of human generated greenhouses. Methane stays around about 100 years, however it has a GWP 300 times greater than carbon dioxide.
These gases account for 2 % of human generated gases, however they have a GWP ranging from 1000 times to 10,000 times greater than carbon dioxide. Replacing these HFCs and properly disposing of them would be an important climate action the world could take.
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