Here's a summary of the video transcript about the pH scale:
What is pH?
pH stands for potential of hydrogen.
It measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in a water-based substance.
The pH Scale:
Ranges from 0 to 14.
7 is neutral (e.g., pure water).
Below 7 = acidic
Above 7 = basic (alkaline)
Tips for Remembering:
"Lucky 7" or "7 is heaven" = neutral
"Base jump" = high = base = above 7
Examples of Substances:
Acids: milk, apple juice, lemon juice, stomach acid (often taste sour)
Bases: eggs, baking soda, ammonia, bleach (often taste bitter or feel slippery)
Color Indicators:
Acids: yellow → orange → red
Bases: green → blue → purple
Tip: B for Base and Blue
How Acids and Bases Work (Simplified):
Acids: gain hydrogen ions → create hydronium
Bases: lose hydrogen ions → create hydroxide
Logarithmic Nature:
Each number represents a 10x change.
Example: pH 5 is 10x more acidic than pH 6.
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