Mitochondria are essential for the production of proteins, RNA, pumps, and several other essential processes in the cell. Mitochondria are amazing and cool.
They are found in plants... animals,....fungi,.....protists, and any other eukaryotic cell.
Let's Learn 10 Facts about Mitochondria
1. They can quickly change shape and move around the cell when needed.
2. When the cell needs more energy, the mitochondria can reproduce by growing larger and then dividing. For example, say you want to get in shape. As you exercise more of the mitochondria in your muscles will increase in number and navigate to the edges of the cell, which allows these muscle cells to have more energy.
3. If the cell needs less energy, some mitochondria will die or become inactive.
4. Mitochondria are very similar to some bacteria. For this reason, some scientists think that they originally were bacteria that were absorbed by more complex cells. This theory is called endosymbiosis.
5. During cellular respiration, with the help of oxygen, the mitochondria produce 25 ATP compared to only 3 ATP produced during glycolysis in the cytoplasm.
6. ATP is continuously broken down into ADP, like a rechargeable battery, and releases a huge amount of energy which is used by the cell in several metabolic processes as well as in building macromolecules such as proteins.
7. ATP is critical for the contraction of muscles.
8. ATP supplies the energy to move the contractile muscle proteins.
9. ATP is essential for certain pumps like the sodium-potassium pumps and calcium pumps. The sodium-potassium pump ensures that our cells have the correct amount of sodium and potassium which is essential to stay alive.
10. The adenosine from ATP is a building block of RNA and is directly added to RNA molecules. During Transcription DNA is copied to mRNA, which carries the information needed to make proteins.
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